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– Sanitation and waste treatment

In Togo, only 171,000 households have a handwashing facility with soap and water. Challenges include improving the waste collection and management system and developing sanitation and hygiene infrastructure and equipment.
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In terms of sanitation, several actions and projects have been implemented to reduce the frequency of flooding and improve the living environment of the population. According to the results of the 2017 MICS survey, only 44.6% of households have access to an improved latrine, with only 19.1% of households having non-shared improved latrines. This rate is lower in rural areas (20.8%). In urban areas, it is 79.5%.
Open defecation is 45.31 PT3T nationally. This rate is higher in rural areas with 66.71 PT3T compared to 141 PT3T in urban areas. Regarding hand hygiene, only 20.31 PT3T of households have a handwashing facility with soap and water.
This situation is detrimental to the health of populations, especially in rural areas where children are sometimes seriously affected by pathologies directly linked to poor hygiene. The Togolese government then launched a program that provides for the installation of several tens of thousands of latrines throughout the country. The challenges involve improving the waste collection and management system, developing sanitation and sanitation infrastructure and equipment. Operational since 2015, the National Agency for Sanitation and Public Sanitation (ANASAP), a public institution, is an organization that provides support, advice, and decision-making assistance in the field of sanitation. It aims to establish and maintain a better quality of life that is conducive to the well-being and development of populations throughout the national territory by ensuring continuous monitoring of standards and actions in the areas of sanitation and public sanitation.
The decree setting the distribution rates for tax revenues and service provision revenues between municipalities, autonomous districts, the Local Authorities Support Fund and ANASAP was adopted in 2021. Its application will allow beneficiaries to organize the transport of solid waste from intermediate landfills to the Aképé technical landfill center for the Greater Lomé area and for municipalities in other regions, transport will be organized to final landfills. This provision will ultimately provide a solution to the difficulties encountered in solid waste sanitation management. Drinking water services are struggling to meet maintenance needs and requests for interventions, given that only 32% of the capital's population is currently served.
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In terms of achievements, we note the implementation of the Urban Development Project in Togo (PAUT II). This project has made it possible to reduce the frequency of flooding in the city of Lomé, particularly in the marshy area extending the lagoon system, the 4th lake and the drainage of the eastern districts of the city. Similarly, in 2018, under the supervision of the Ministry of Water and Village Hydraulics through the Sanitation Directorate, the fecal sludge treatment plant with a capacity of 30m3/day was inaugurated in Sokodé, financed by the AfDB through the African Water Facility, the Togo Plan and the municipality of Sokodé. It should be remembered that the objective set by the UN is to reduce the number of people without access to quality sanitation worldwide from 51% to 25% within 5 years.
As part of the implementation of the agreement signed between the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) and the French Development Agency (AFD) on June 8, 2020, the master plan for the sanitation of wastewater, rainwater and solid waste in Greater Lomé and the feasibility study of priority projects are planned.
This study, conducted by the Seureca/Véolia/Inros Lackner/Deco group of design offices, will lead to the organization of a round table in 2022 of donors for the financing of the projects that will be selected.
The Aképé Technical Landfill Center (CET) construction project was developed by the former Municipality of Lomé and carried out with financial support from the European Union. Built and operated since 2018 by Eiffage teams in Togo, in a consortium with those of CWA and the Togolese company GER, the Aképé Technical Landfill Center (CET) processes household waste from the city of Lomé. More than one million tons have already been buried there in accordance with international environmental standards, including biological leachate treatment and combustion of the methane produced. It will undergo expansion work in 2022 to continue its operation and open the site to the entire Greater Lomé metropolitan area. This center is one of the first of this scale built in Africa. Designed for a 20-year operating life, it allows for the controlled processing of waste generated by a city of more than 1.5 million inhabitants, according to the highest international standards. African Global Recycling (AGR), a company specializing in waste recovery, has a waste sorting center in Lomé, located in the old Tokoin district. It is the only multi-sector center in Togo and West Africa. It receives various types of plastics, metals, glass, wood, paper, and cardboard. The goal is to recover what can be recycled and find outlets in the industrial world for this waste. Car bumpers, computer cases collected along the streets, plastic bottles or other plastic packaging from households, landfills, schools, various types of paper, and waste recovered from local industries are sorted by category.
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